![]() Within the Yishuv, the pre-state settler community, arms were secretly imported and weapons factories established to expand the Haganah, the Jewish paramilitary that later became the core of the Israeli army.In tandem, the British collaborated with the Jewish settler community and formed armed groups and a British-led “counterinsurgency force” of Jewish fighters named the Special Night Squads.Villages were bombed by air, curfews imposed, homes demolished, and administrative detentions and summary killings were widespread. By the second half of 1939, Britain had massed 30,000 troops in Palestine.The second phase of the revolt began in late 1937 and was led by the Palestinian peasant resistance movement, which targeted British forces and colonialism.The six-month strike was brutally repressed by the British, who launched a mass arrest campaign and carried out punitive home demolitions, a practice that Israel continues to implement against Palestinians today.In April 1936, the newly formed Arab National Committee called on Palestinians to launch a general strike, withhold tax payments and boycott Jewish products to protest British colonialism and growing Jewish immigration.Escalating tensions eventually led to the Arab Revolt, which lasted from 1936 to 1939.Palestinians were alarmed by their country’s changing demographics and British confiscation of their lands to be handed over to Jewish settlers. During that period, the British facilitated mass Jewish immigration – many of the new residents were fleeing Nazism in Europe – and they also faced protests and strikes. A British Mandate was created in 1923 and lasted until 1948.In essence, a European power promised the Zionist movement a country where Palestinian Arab natives made up more than 90 percent of the population.The letter is known as the Balfour Declaration. It committed the British government to “the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people” and to facilitating “the achievement of this object”.The letter was short – just 67 words – but its contents had a seismic effect on Palestine that is still felt to this day.More than 100 years ago, on November 2, 1917, Britain’s then-foreign secretary, Arthur Balfour, wrote a letter addressed to Lionel Walter Rothschild, a figurehead of the British Jewish community.Here’s a simple guide to break down one of the world’s longest-running conflicts: What was the Balfour Declaration? And on Monday, it announced a “total blockade” of the Gaza Strip, stopping the supply of food, fuel and other essential commodities to the already besieged enclave in an act that under international law amounts to a war crime.īut what unfolds in the coming days and weeks has its seed in history.įor decades, Western media outlets, academics, military experts and world leaders have described the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as intractable, complicated and deadlocked. It has mobilised troops along the Gaza border, apparently in preparation for a ground attack. In response, Israel has launched a bombing campaign in the Gaza Strip, killing more than 500 Palestinians. Hamas fighters have killed more than 800 Israelis in assaults on multiple towns in southern Israel. Keep reading list of 3 items list 1 of 3 From hubris to humiliation: The 10 hours that shocked Israel list 2 of 3 Fears of a ground invasion of Gaza grow as Israel vows ‘mighty vengeance’ list 3 of 3 ‘My voice is our lifeline’: Gaza journalist and family amid Israel bombing end of list
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